The Integration Internet of Things (IoT) In Science Education to Improve Learning Quality: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstrak

The advancement of digital technology, particularly the Internet of Things (IoT), has provided significant opportunities to enhance the quality of science education in the 21st century. However, the implementation of IoT in educational settings remains suboptimal and fragmented, with existing research findings still dispersed across various studies. Therefore, this study aims to analyze and synthesize research findings related to the integration of IoT in science learning and its impact on educational quality. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Data were collected through a systematic search of articles in major academic databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and Garuda, covering publications from 2016 to 2025. Based on the selection process using the PRISMA framework, a total of 30 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. The findings indicate that the integration of IoT in science education has shown a significant increase in recent years and is commonly implemented through the use of microcontroller-based sensors integrated with instructional models such as Project-Based Learning (PjBL), STEM, and inquiry-based learning. Furthermore, the results reveal that IoT implementation has a positive impact on the quality of learning, as evidenced by improvements in students’ learning outcomes, engagement, and motivation. In addition, IoT contributes to the enhancement of scientific literacy and critical thinking skills through data-driven and experiential learning approaches. Despite these promising outcomes, the implementation of IoT still faces several challenges, including limitations in infrastructure, cost, and teachers’ competencies. Therefore, support from multiple stakeholders is required to optimize the utilization of IoT in science education. This study is expected to serve as a reference for the development of technology-based learning to improve the quality of science education