Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Micropolitics di Sekolah: Sebuah Kajian Literatur
DOI:
10.29303/jpap.v10i2.1564Published:
2026-07-21Downloads
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara kritis konsep micropolitics dalam organisasi sekolah serta mengelaborasi strategi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam mengelola dinamika kekuasaan pada tingkat mikro. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kajian literatur kualitatif dengan analisis tematik terhadap berbagai sumber yang relevan. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa micropolitics merupakan realitas inheren dalam kehidupan sekolah yang tercermin melalui relasi kekuasaan, negosiasi kepentingan, konflik dan kolaborasi antar aktor. Micropolitics tidak selalu bersifat destruktif tetapi juga dapat menjadi mekanisme strategis untuk membangun konsensus dan mendorong perubahan apabila dikelola secara reflektif dan etis. Dalam konteks kepemimpinan, kepala sekolah berperan sebagai aktor sentral yang perlu memahami serta menggunakan kekuasaan secara kontekstual melalui pendekatan power over, power with dan power through. Penggunaan kekuasaan yang proporsional dan situasional memungkinkan kepala sekolah menyeimbangkan berbagai dinamika micropolitics di sekolah. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa micropolitics perlu diposisikan sebagai kompetensi esensial kepemimpinan kepala sekolah guna menciptakan iklim sekolah yang partisipatif, adaptif dan berorientasi pada peningkatan mutu pendidikan.
Keywords:
Micropolitics Kepala Sekolah Kepemimpinan KekuasaanReferences
Ball, S. J. (n.d.). THE MICRO-POLITICS OF THE SCHOOL Towards a theory of school organization.
Berkovich, I. (2020). Micro-politics, Senior Management Teams, and Principals’ Inner Circle: A Structural Exploration. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 19(2), 290–303. https://doi.org/10.1080/15700763.2018.1551552
Brosky, D. (2011). Connexions module: m36689 1 Micropolitics in the School: Teacher Leaders’ Use of Political Skill and Influence Tactics * edited in Connexions by. The International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 6(1). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/1http://www.ncpeapublications.orghttp://cnx.org/content/m36689/1.3/
Bush, T. (2023). Distributed leadership and micropolitics. In Educational Management Administration and Leadership (Vol. 51, Number 3, pp. 529–532). SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1177/17411432231156397
Creswell, W. J. (2012). Educational Research (Fourth Edition). Boston, Pearson Education.
Dao, L., & Cranston, N. (2018). Micro-Political Leadership Strategies Used by Curriculum Leaders in One Queensland School in Implementing the National Curriculum. In Leading & Managing (Vol. 24, Number 1).
Ehrich, L. C., & Millwater, J. (2011). Internship: Interpreting micropolitical contexts. Australian Educational Researcher, 38(4), 467–481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-011-0035-7
Flessa, J. (2009). Educational micropolitics and distributed leadership. Peabody Journal of Education, 84(3), 331–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/01619560902973522
Galvan, J. L. ., & Galvan, Melisa. (2017). Writing literature reviews : a guide for students of the social and behavioral sciences. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
Gunnulfsen, A. E. (2024). School leadership and micro-policymaking in schools - time use and the collective care for the self. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 27(2), 262–282. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2020.1854867
Innes, M., Armstrong, P., & Courtney, S. (2025). Centring micro-politics in system leadership in a multi-academy trust. Educational Management Administration and Leadership, 53(6), 1302–1316. https://doi.org/10.1177/17411432231210972
Kairienė, A. (2018). Toward a Broader Understanding: A Formal Concept Analysis of the Micropolitics of a School. Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia, 40, 127–141. https://doi.org/10.15388/actpaed.2018.0.11892
LeChasseur, K., Donaldson, M. L., & Landa, J. (2020). District micropolitics during principal professional learning. Educational Management Administration and Leadership, 48(5), 935–955. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143219864947
Lindle, J. C. (2020). Micropolitics in School Leadership. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Education. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264093.013.614
Mas’adah, S., & Ardhana, W. (2016). Dinamika kekuasaan dalam pengelolaan sekolah. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, 25(2), 145–158. https://doi.org/10.17977/um003v25i22016p145
Montes López, E., & O’Connor, P. (2019). Micropolitics and meritocracy: Improbable bed fellows? Educational Management Administration and Leadership, 47(5), 678–693. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143218759090
Sasere, O. B., & Mathashu, M. (2024). Navigating Micro-Political Dynamics in Distributed School Leadership: An Ubuntu Perspective. Research in Educational Policy and Management, 6(2), 306–326. https://doi.org/10.46303/repam.2024.37
Scribner, J. D., Aleman, E., & Maxcy, B. (2003). Emergence of the Politics of Education Field: Making Sense of the Messy Center. In Educational Administration Quarterly (Vol. 39, Number 1, pp. 10–40). https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X02239759
Smeed, J. L., And Kimber, M., Jan, Ehrich, & Lisa C. (2009). Power over, with and through : another look at micropolitics. Leading & Managing, 15(1). http://eprints.qut.edu.au/
Thomson, A., & Sparkes, A. C. (2020). The micropolitics of being a head of physical education in a secondary school: insights from an ethnographic study. Sport, Education and Society, 25(7), 815–828. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2019.1666813
Walls, J. (2023). (Don’t) lean on me: the micropolitics of caring educational leadership. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 26(6), 980–1004. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2020.1853246
Zhang, Y., & Henderson, D. (2018). Interactions between principals and teacher leaders in the context of Chinese curriculum reform: a micropolitical perspective. Australian Educational Researcher, 45(5), 603–624. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-018-0275-x
